@sumitomo_chem
IUPAC nomenclature gives every organic compound a unique systematic name. Take 2-methylpropane: the parent chain is propane (three carbons), with a methyl group at carbon two. This systematic naming unambiguously identifies structures across languages and disciplines.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded annually since 1901. Recent chemistry laureates include the developers of CRISPR gene editing (2020), asymmetric organocatalysis (2021), click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry (2022), and quantum dots (2023).
Graphene, isolated in 2004 by Geim and Novoselov at Manchester via simple Scotch tape exfoliation, won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics. Sixteen years on, applications from transparent conductors to batteries are emerging, but mass production at defect-controlled quality remains the bottleneck.