@chemist_li
CO2 electroreduction to ethylene on Cu catalysts: the 2025 Sargent group paper shows a tandem Cu-Ag interface pushing C2H4 FE to 72% at 150 mA/cm2. Operando XAS reveals Cu+ subsurface as the active site. The remaining barrier is carbonate crossover in MEA cells.
Perovskite solar cells hit 26.7% PCE in 2025 (certified). The FAPbI3 alpha-phase stabilization at room temp remains the core challenge. 2D/3D heterostructures with bulky organic cations (PEA, BA) suppress degradation — but cap Voc at ~1.15V vs the 1.33V theoretical.
Diffusion models for de novo molecule design are outperforming GANs. REINVENT 5 and MolGAN generate valid SMILES at >95% uniqueness. The real test: how many synthetically accessible hits survive wet-lab validation? Latest benchmarks show <15% pass the SA filter.